As children go through stages of development, parents also go through the stages of parenthood, which requires proper parenting stage responsibilities. These steps include changing tasks and roles for both parents and children.
Image building (conception to birth of child)
The young parents dream and build images of ideal upbringing and what they want to be before the baby is born. Parents are reminded of their past and how they were the parent, to prepare the financial needs care and upbringi
ng.
Nurturing (Birth - 18 months)
Each child has specific wants and needs that require care. By meeting the child's needs, is a positive relationship can be built, which consistently sends messages of love and support. Expressions of love and affection, listening to the child's ideas, feelings, problems and difficulties, kindness and compassion, help the child to feel connected to family and society. Parents build an attachment with the child and identify themselves as a parent, assess and understand what kind of parents they really are. Grand parents, parents in law, friends and relatives to find out how the parents handle this new role. This phase is critical in building trust, bond and close ties between parents and child. Trust emerges as the child's basic needs for warmth, food, dry diaper, safety, eye contact, and press are met. Child's faith and trust in the parent as a reliable source basis and provides a solid foundation for all future relations with the rest of their lives. Numerous personal adjustments must be made by the mother to meet the demands of the baby in the form of resting, feeding schedule, managing dirty clothes, maintaining contact, giving personal attention when the child is at stake and it shows the start to be mobile .
Office (18 months to age 5 years)
Parents are responsible persons when the child begins to walk and talk. This
Is the period when parents set rules for the child's actions and behavior, decides
When to say yes and when to say no, and prepares the child for separation to be away for schooling. Parents utmost caution to discipline maintaining consistency and avoid ambiguity by giving instructions to help the child to conceptualize what is expected of him.
Interpretation (Age 5 to puberty)
Child's question from "what" becomes "why" and "how". This requires explanation of each of the queries, the number of such inquiries is growing as the child's language skills grow and understanding expand. Parents will have to respond satisfactorily with convincing answers. Barnet to experiment with rules and social norms, analysis of quality of care he / she receives, and the relationship maintained within the family. The type of parents used in these situations play a significant role in determining the kind of adult the child will become. Acceptance, recognition and affection expressed by parents provide the child develop a positive attitude and approach to life. It is at this stage children do harsh conclusions and judgments on parental intentions and actions that they have difficulty understanding relationships, meaning, or to realize that other people also have feelings. This phase requires parents to interact with the child in an age - appropriate manner. You may need to frequently visit and revisit their parental roles as the child continues to mature. The child may show particular interest in materialistic possessions, and perhaps experiment with unique clothing and accessories for dress, appearance and behavior. Parents can try to change negative acts, which occur when making rules age appropriate, modifying expectations, when necessary, and by acting as a role model for the child to follow.
Preparation for independence (Teen year)
The parents of teenagers are facing challenges to their authority as parents. A teenager struggles with his parents in decisions and on issues as personal matters.
Teens begin to show that they are "grown up" and is able to handle difficult situations themselves that they are different from their parents in many ways and that their problems and needs are not well understood by parents. During these times, teens need parental guidance to make decisions and to make tough choice. They need careful and sympathetic listening, brief counseling and independence to prove that they are able to make certain decisions and able to accept the consequences of such decisions.
Children imitate parents and other adults they admire and respect. In recent
Years, especially in urban areas, the parents teaching started in an attempt to expand parents' knowledge and skills to new parents, who live mainly in nuclear families.
The relationships maintained between spouses, with their respective parents, with other family members and between siblings has a strong influence on parenting. In the Indian context, a first - born boy better custody than a girl. Last born is more likely to be pampered in a small family and neglected in a large family. Parents who have exposure to baby and child in their own childhood and youth, who takes care of younger siblings may find parents more than those who had little or no exposure to child care.
The parents of a child born with certain gifts or disability are more likely to face greater parental stress, strain and effort than the parents of a normal child. Typically, trained parent maintain realistic standards, desires, and better relationships with their children, so in order to strengthen parenting skills, parents need to understand and learn about them and also about child development.
Parents with genuine interest in being parents build healthy relationship with school, neighborhood and community groups.
Parenting Styles
Styles of parental reactions and interactions with their children can be divided into three types (Baumrind, 1971), the styles followed by the parents can not fit into any category that parents combine styles depending on the situation, age and sex of the child. Moreover, parental styles change as parents have knowledge about parenting process through various sources about their own experiences, and receive answers / feedback from the child and the significant other reason client The three parental styles are indulgent, authoritarian and authoritative.
After Qualifying Parenting
Permissive parents give too much freedom, there are no borders or boundaries, and gives no guidelines for the child to follow the socially accepted norms. They employ little or no punishment. Often these parents are not involved in parenting and spend a little time with their children, giving excuses of stress and work such parents accompany their children to cope with difficult situations where they have little or no experience or skills to deal heir own and struggle with the consequences. Permissive parents can result in children who have less self control, being aggressive and irresponsible and have low self-esteem,
Authoritarian Parenting
Authoritarian parents are demanding, strict, giving punishment, and allows no choice or freedom to express differing opinions. They do not like the questioning of their authority, set very high standards and demand that their standards be met. These
Parents value the submission, obedience and tradition, while discouraging independence and individuality. This parenting style can produce a child who lacks self-confidence, curiosity and creativity, self-control and who have low self-esteem. Under such parental style, the child will exhibit difficulties in one's own decisions and act in a socially approved manner under given circumstances.
Authoritative Parenting
Authoritative parents employ explanations, discussions, arguments, they balance their parents' style of using punishment and reward properly. Punishment is never harsh or physically. Instead it is given in the form of deprivation of an opportunity or gifts. Moreover, the punishment applied only when significant evidence of willful misconduct is observed. When children correct their behavior, they are rewarded. Rewards include praise, a pat on the back, a smile or a nod. Generally, the reward is in proportion to the positive behavior is reinforced. Such parental style results in children having a good self-control, high self-esteem, confidence, responsibility, autonomy and control over their emotions.
Practical Proposals for Understanding and preventing misbehavior in children
Effective parents are frequently challenged by the misbehavior of children. To understand why children misbehave, it is important to respond effectively. Children misbehave when they:
• is sleepy, sick, in need of new air, exercise and meals,
• surprised or unsure of what is expected of them,
• need attention and love, or need to feel safe,
• To satisfy their curiosity,
• is physically and mentally ready or able to follow the rules
• bored,
• are angry, disappointed and frustrated, and
• To maintain autonomy.
Strategies and techniques to prevent a child's misbehavior is below:
• Set rules that are age-appropriate, then help the child understand the rule and why it matters.
Proposal for Positive Parenting
Positive parents are loving and supportive care of both parents. The parenting role is shifting its paradigm from fear-based to love-based. Positive parents also can be called 'conscious upbringing, "or always seek benefit for children in the long run. To achieve the goal of treating or rearing children in a way that today's children may morning healthy and successful adults, the central issues involved are as follows :
- The joy and harmony between father and mother are important prerequisites for a physically fit and mentally happy child.
- Maintaining harmony between parents and children is crucial for positive parents.
- Children should be allowed to explore and do things to increase their self-esteem so they can experience a happy, gratifying and fulfilling life.
- Parents' own behavior, attitudes, beliefs and values affect greatly the child's development. Therefore, parents must recognize their own belief system and how it may impact the lives of their children. Moreover, they should try to keep pace with the changing times.
- Children need unconditional love and support from their parents for healthy development. Rationality, argumentation, allowing sufficient time and answer questions is crucial for some of the parents. These parenting practices foster the same future behavior of their children.
- Supporting children's emotional at times when they need it most, so they do not feel abandoned or alone. It seems likely that a child who feels emotionally isolated senses a breach of trust and confidence of parents.
- Accept each child as an individual with his or her unique gifts and talents. Every child is different and therefore comparison with others is unjustified.
- Positive requests for children without forcing them to do something, do wonders.
- Showing positive emotions and appreciation for even the small work which the child will promote the development of trust and a secure self-image (i.e. "I feel good about myself and about my abilities"),.
- Listen carefully to your children and provide support and guidance.
- The relationship between parents with other members of the family, relatives and neighbors affect the general environment in which vulnerable children are.
- Parenting education through learning and practicing good parenting skills to raise and manage today's children is crucial. Today's children are more famous wise that have been exposed to many more situations than their parents, which can lead to feelings of incompetence and helplessness with their parents to handle their children.
Conclusion
Parenting is not an easy task. Becoming a parent is the easiest part, whereas being a conscious and positive parent is an important task. Parents are the most important role you stand in a lifetime. Parents who provide an encouraging environment for their children are rewarded when as adults, their children achieve a successful fit into the culture and society.
Parents concepts are deeply rooted in Indian families, because of a strong, continuous tradition of training young parents to accept, execute and establish lasting relationships and responsibilities with their children. Generally, the young mother introduced to the nuances of parenting in the form of "hands on" approach at her parents home, and led by her mother or an experienced family member. This practice could be the reason that the need for professional parent education is usually not expressed.
Effective parents allow children to build and develop positive behavior and good, solid self-concepts that are important to function fully as a healthy adult. Parents, as such, is heavily dependent on intra-familial issues, which play a significant role in their parents' achievements. But can parenting skills be enhanced if parents learn about themselves as a 'parent' and child development. Learn about stages of human development helps parents to understand their ever changing role in the lives of their children and also what is expected of a parent at each step. Finally, a father's love and influence are as important as a mother of a child's life. Fathers must overcome the internal and external barriers that exist to fulfill the duties as godfather.
Concept of parenting and parenthood varies by region, and vary in rural, urban and tribal areas in
No comments:
Post a Comment